Discriminating between Tornadic and Non-Tornadic Supercells: A New Hodograph Technique

A Study of Various Thermodynamic and Wind Variables Associated with Tornadic Supercells Exhibiting Atypical Motion

The tempest unmanned aircraft system for in situ observations of tornadic supercells: Design and VORTEX2 flight results

This paper reports results from field deployments of the Tempest Unmanned Aircraft System, the first of its kind of unmanned aircraft system designed to perform in situ sampling of supercell thunderstorms, including those that produce tornadoes. A description of the critical system components, consisting of the unmanned aircraft, ground support vehicles, communications network, and custom softw...

Tornadic Storm Avoidance Behavior in Breeding Songbirds

Migration is a common behavior used by animals of many taxa to occupy different habitats during different periods. Migrant birds are categorized as either facultative (i.e., those that are forced to migrate by some proximal cue, often weather) or obligate (i.e., those that migrate on a regular cycle). During migration, obligate migrants can curtail or delay flights in response to inclement weat...

Residual Outflow Boundary Impacts on CAPE versus Shear Contributions to Tornadic Supercells: the F-5 Barneveld, Wisconsin Tornado Revisited

The impact remnant outflow boundary over the Upper Midwest from early morning convection on maximized afternoon and evening CAPE values is examined through the use of Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data and available surface observations. Satellite imagery and surface analyses conveyed that a residuum deformation structure provided the focus for further convective deve...

Tornadoes and Tornadic Storms: A Review of Conceptual Models

Our ability to make distinctions among tornadic storm types and among tornadoes has been affected by three important developments since the last Tornado Symposium: (1) high-resolution Doppler radar observations, (2) extensive visual observations by storm intercept teams, and (3) detailed 3-D numerical cloud models. The definition and classification of convective vortices and the storms which pr...